new approach for removal of total hardness ( ca2+, mg2+ ) from water using commercial polyacrylic acid hydrogel beads, study and application

adsorption and water treatment of ca (ii) and mg (ii) hardness were investigated via adsorption of metal ions onto commercial polyacrylic acid hydrogel beads as a novel sorbent for metal ions (ca2+, mg2+) removal and water treatment. batch equilibrium technique was carried out under the influence of solution ph, contact time, sorbent dosage, initial metal concentration and competitive study. the maximum metal ions capacity (ca2+, mg2+) values were identified as 171.2 and 193.6, respectively. sorption equilibrium was established in 24   hr and the data were described by both langmuir and freundlich models. the potential application of this sorbent for water treatment and metal ions removal from water samples is successfully accomplished